Here are common excavator classifications:
Classification 1: Common excavators are classified by drive method into internal combustion engine-driven excavators and electric-driven excavators. Electric excavators are mainly used in high-altitude, oxygen-deficient, underground mines, and other flammable and explosive environments.
Classification 2: According to the mode of travel, excavators can be divided into tracked excavators and wheeled excavators.
Classification 3: According to the transmission method, excavators can be divided into hydraulic excavators and mechanical excavators. Mechanical excavators are mainly used in large mines.
Classification 4: According to application, excavators can be divided into general-purpose excavators, mining excavators, marine excavators, special-purpose excavators, etc. The vast majority of excavators are fully hydraulic, full-rotation excavators. The Caterpillar 385B hydraulic excavator mainly consists of an engine, hydraulic system, working device, traveling device, and electrical control system. The hydraulic system consists of a hydraulic pump, control valves, hydraulic cylinders, hydraulic motors, pipelines, and an oil tank. The electrical control system includes a monitoring panel, engine control system, pump control system, various sensors, solenoid valves, etc.
Based on their construction and application, hydraulic excavators can be classified into various types, such as tracked, wheeled, walking, fully hydraulic, semi-hydraulic, full-rotation, non-full-rotation, general-purpose, special-purpose, articulated, and telescopic boom types. The working device is the unit that directly performs the excavation task. It consists of three articulated parts: the boom, stick, and bucket. Boom raising and lowering, stick extension and retraction, and bucket rotation are all controlled by reciprocating double-acting hydraulic cylinders. To adapt to various construction operations, hydraulic excavators can be equipped with various working devices, such as excavators, cranes, loaders, levelers, clamps, bulldozers, and impact hammers. The slewing and traveling mechanism is the body of the hydraulic excavator, with the power unit and transmission system located on the upper part of the turntable. The engine is the power source of the hydraulic excavator, mostly using diesel fuel, but an electric motor can be used in convenient locations. The hydraulic transmission system transmits the engine's power to actuators such as hydraulic motors and cylinders via a hydraulic pump, thereby driving the working device to perform various tasks.
